The Census Bureau has proposed two new parts to the Code of Federal Regulations governing the decennial census: one defining the "usual residence" criteria that determine whether and where a person is counted, the other establishing standards for demographic questions on the census questionnaire. Published September 10 in the Federal Register as Document 2026-18481 (91 FR 57524) and docketed as 260903-0005, the proposal is open for comment through November 2, 2026, after the Bureau extended the original October 13 deadline on October 5. The proposal would rewrite the apportionment base. The Bureau preliminarily determined that undocumented immigrants should be excluded from the count used to allocate seats in the House of Representatives, on the ground that they lack a "sufficient tie and allegiance" to the United States, while lawful permanent residents would be included and immigrants whose status is "less durable" than permanent residency excluded. The Bureau is also considering adding a legal-status question to the census short form, and proposes to verify "usual residence" partly through tax records covering the January 3 to April 1 enumeration window. The rule would prohibit questions about race, ethnicity, or sexual orientation from the census short form and from any questionnaire used for the enumeration. Its full text contains no mention of Puerto Rico, "territory," "commonwealth," or any of the five permanently inhabited island areas - a gap first flagged by the campaign site PR Cuenta, which is organizing comment submissions on the island's behalf. The stakes for Puerto Rico are concrete. The 2020 census counted 3,285,874 island residents, while more than 5.8 million Puerto Ricans on the mainland are identified in census data only through the Hispanic-origin question this rule would restrict. All 78 municipalities use census data for planning, and the figures drive federal funding formulas and the island's electoral maps. PR Cuenta has tied its campaign to the national Hands Off Our Census effort and scheduled an informational webinar for October 26 at 10:00 a.m. Puerto Rico time.